Telecom

Optical networking is a means of communication that uses signals encoded onto light to transmit information among various nodes of a telecommunications network. They operate from the limited range of a local-area network (LAN) or over a wide-area network (WAN), which can cross metropolitan and regional areas all the way to national, international and transoceanic distances. It is a form of optical communication that relies on optical amplifiers, lasers or LEDs and wave division multiplexing (WDM) to transmit large quantities of data, generally across fiber-optic cables. Because it is capable of achieving extremely high bandwidth, it is an enabling technology for today’s Internet and the communication networks that transmit the vast majority of all human and machine-to-machine information. Components Components of an optical networking system include: • Fiber. Multi-mode or single-mode. • Laser or LED light source. • Multiplexer/demultiplexer, also called mux/demux, filter, or...

The Intelligent Network (IN) is the standard network architecture specified in the ITU-T Q.1200 series recommendations. It is intended for fixed as well as mobiletelecom networks. It allows operators to differentiate themselves by providing value-added services in addition to the standard telecom services such as PSTN, ISDN and GSM services on mobile phones. The intelligence is provided by network nodes on the service layer, distinct from the switching layer of the core network, as opposed to solutions based on intelligence in the core switches or telephone equipment. The IN nodes are typically owned by telecommunications operators (telecommunications service providers). IN is supported by the Signaling System #7 (SS7) protocol between telephone network switching centers and other network nodes owned by network operators. Examples of IN services Televoting Call screening Telephone number portability Toll-free calls/Freephone Prepaid calling Account card calling...

TOP 10 TELECOM COMPANIES IN INDIA 2016 Get the list of top 10 telecom companies in India 2016. Telecom sector is booming very rapidly in India. But some telecom companies are leading the market since last many years. There is the scope of huge growth in telecom market in coming years. Telecom companies like Vodafone, Airtel, Reliance communication are ruling the market. These companies has huge contribution in the growth of telecommunication sector in India. Here is the list of top telecom companies in India. Vodafone India Limited The headquarter of company is located in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It offers both prepaid and postpaid GSM cellular phone coverage throughout India with better presence in the metros. It is offering different services like mobile telephony and wireless broadband. The company has stores in all top Indian cites. It is one of the leading mobile network operator in India according to the subscriber base. It has very strong presence in leading metro cit...

Many users may have been led to believe that voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) requires expensive and complicated equipment with phonetically dissonant names. In reality, this assessment could not be farther from the truth. While users will need the right equipment to take advantage of the full host of services and features of VoIP, the service is completely scalable—meaning the system is able to grow or shrink to meet users’ demands. Though there is a lot of hardware available, users don’t typically need most of it. In response to the volume of products available versus the essential equipment needed, we have assembled the basic prerequisites needed for VoIP service. The best place to start is with the basics– users can need as little as one item (aside from the service), a phone. VoIP users typically need a phone for most functionality. Many providers offer a virtual number service, which forwards call to your phone (typically mobile phone). Additionally, these services establi...

What is Broadband? Broadband Internet service truly is the most used form of Internet access because of its high access speeds; it is offered in four different forms, DSL (or Digital Subscriber Line), also fiber-optic, cable, and satellite. The old dial-up connection is the only non-broadband internet service available, and even though it is cheaper, most Internet users are moving towards the faster broadband Internet connection. DSL The DSL (or Digital Subscriber Line) internet service makes its connection by utilizing unused telephone wires that cause no interruption to your telephone service. The speed you experience with a DSL connection varies with your distance from the switching station. Your speed will be slower the further away you are and faster the closer you are to the switching station and this may be a deciding factor when you attempt to select between a DSL line and a cable connection. Cable The broadband cable connection is provided by the local...

What is the difference between CDMA and GSM? Suppose I put you into a room with your friend and each one of you have been given a cell phone. The room has a partition in between. Scene 1: Both of you speak the same language and you have been provided the first thirty minutes of an hour(say 10:00- 10:30) and your friend has been provided the next 30 mins(10:30-11:00) to make a call from your respective partition to your gf. You dial your girlfriend and you find out about the affair she is having with some random friend of yours. You shout and scream on top of your voice and the guy on the other side understands how you got screwed. He makes the call in the next 30 minutes and you can hear him and you know the son of a b!@#h got your gf!!! This my friend is TDMA!! "TDMA (time division multiple access) is a  technology  used in digital cellular telephone communication that divides each cellular channel into three time slots in order to increase the amount of ...

As a wholesale VoIP provider, Momentum's operations encompass more than its own network. When a cable operator calls with a service complaint, the underlying cause could originate in any number of sites -- Momentum's network, the cable operator's network or peering sites between providers or the public Internet."You can't say you have a quality product if you can't measure it," said Anthony Orlando, vice president of engineering at Momentum, a Birmingham, Ala.-based VoIP service provider that wholesales to 230 cable operators across the country. "We had customer premise-based probes, but the analytics that came out of [them] were just not what we needed." Momentum tried homegrown and commercial VoIP analysis and monitoring tools, but the analytics were too superficial to be really useful, said Orlando, declining to name the commercial product. Network engineers often lacked the visibility to resolve issues and deliver service quality assu...

On the very  slim  chance that you missed some of this year's best, we gathered essential links in your favorite topic areas that deserve another look. MPLS You simply can't talk about telecom without finding your way to multi-protocol label switching (MPLS). No matter what our experts wrote, you jumped on it, especially when it addressed how to engineer for quality of service (QoS) and increased security. Here are the articles we think you can't live without: MPLS QoS: Implementing the best model for guaranteed service MPLS and Carrier Ethernet: Playing together to ensure quality of service IP QoS: Two generations of class-of-service tools Avoiding private IP security risks in public IP networks Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) BGP -- what's not to love? Your interest in all things BGP bordered on obsessive, and rightly so. It's the core routing protocol of the Internet that designates network reachability among autonomous systems (AS). Without know...

Telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, writings, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems. Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology. It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation. Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing. The term is often used in its plural form, telecommunications, because it involves many different technologies. Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs. Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles. 20th and 21st century techn...